Chapter 1: Introducing Sex and Gender

Multiple Choice

1. The study of gender psychology first gained traction ______.
2. in 1879 when William Wundt founded the first psychology lab
3. during the Women’s suffrage movement of the early 1900s
4. in response to large numbers of women entering the workforce during World War II
5. during the second wave of the women’s movement in the 1970s

Ans: D

Learning Objective: 1-3: Evaluate the meaning and relevance of feminisms, gender movements, and systems of power, privilege, and inequality.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Introducing Sex and Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

2. Rhoda Unger (1979) argued for using “sex” to refer to the ______ aspects of being female or male while “gender” should be used when discussing the ______ aspects.
3. culturally constructed; biological
4. hormonal; culturally constructed
5. biological; culturally constructed
6. anatomical; hormonal

Ans: C

Learning Objective: 1-1: Explain central terminology in the study of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sex and Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

3. To address the ambiguity of biological and social causes of sex differences, Alice Eagly (2013) suggests using “sex” to refer to ______ and “gender” to ______.
4. groups of people; the meanings are given to different sex categories
5. culturally constructed differences; biological differences
6. biological categories; the social meaning is given to those categories
7. a chosen social identity; a category is given to you at birth

Ans: A

Learning Objective: 1-1: Explain central terminology in the study of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sex and Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

4. Using “sex” to refer to biological differences between men and women and “gender” to refer to the culturally constructed differences is problematic for which of the following reasons?
5. Biology has too small of an influence to warrant its own term.
6. It overemphasizes the role of socialization and cultural forces.
7. It is difficult to pinpoint the precise influence of biology and culture in sex differences.
8. The terms sex and gender fail to account for issues related to intersectionality.

Ans: C

Learning Objective: 1-1: Explain central terminology in the study of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sex and Gender

Difficulty Level: Medium

5. Researchers have found that testosterone ______.
6. is stable and generally insensitive to social events
7. increases during competition but only for men
8. decreases when women perform masculine behaviors
9. decreases when men perform feminine behaviors

Ans: D

Learning Objective: 1-2: Evaluate how culture, gender identity, and sexual orientation shape the experience and expression of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Sex and Gender

Difficulty Level: Easy

6. Research shows that differences in physical aggression between men and women are ______.
7. due to hormonal differences, such as higher levels of testosterone in men
8. primarily caused by differences in brain structure arising from the presence of androgen during fetal development
9. caused by men being socialized to be risky and to direct negative emotion outward
10. most likely caused by some mixture of biological and social factors

Ans: D

Learning Objective: 1-2: Evaluate how culture, gender identity, and sexual orientation shape the experience and expression of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Comprehension

Answer Location: Sex and Gender

Difficulty Level: Medium

7. Which of the following do sex binaries NOT accomplish?
8. communicating the variety in the biological components of sex
9. simplifying social interactions
10. organizing labor divisions
11. maintaining order in social institutions

Ans: A

Learning Objective: 1-2: Evaluate how culture, gender identity, and sexual orientation shape the experience and expression of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Application

Answer Location: The Sex and Gender Binaries

Difficulty Level: Hard

8. Around what percent of infants are born with some form of intersexuality?
9. 2%
10. 5%
11. 10%
12. 20%

Ans: A

Learning Objective: 1-2: Evaluate how culture, gender identity, and sexual orientation shape the experience and expression of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: The Sex and Gender Binaries

Difficulty Level: Easy

9. Intersexuality refers to instances where ______.
10. gender identity transcends multiple sex categories
11. people feel sexual attraction to others regardless of their gender identity
12. biological components of sex do not fit the typical male/female pattern
13. there is a mismatch between anatomical and psychological gender

Ans: C

Learning Objective: 1-1: Explain central terminology in the study of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer location: The Sex and Gender Binaries

Difficulty Level: Easy

10. Strict sex and gender binaries are ______.
11. observed in all cultures across the world
12. oversimplified categorical structures people impose on society
13. reflections of the simple biological facts of sex
14. necessary to maintain social order

Ans: B

Learning Objective: 1-2: Evaluate how culture, gender identity, and sexual orientation shape the experience and expression of sex and gender.

Cognitive Domain: Knowledge

Answer Location: Our (Interdisciplinary) Psychological Approach

Difficulty Level: Easy